Technical Standards and Application Guide for Pool Cleaning Equipment

Section 1 Safety Standards

In modern swimming pool design and construction, safety is always the primary consideration. With the continuous development of swimming pool technology and the growing demand for water sports, ensuring the safety of swimming pool equipment and systems has become particularly important. To standardize the safety standards of the swimming pool industry and protect the lives and health of users, a series of strict safety certification standards have been established internationally.

The core objective of the NSF/ANSI/CAN 50 standard is to set minimum requirements for materials and products that come into contact with water, ensuring they do not release harmful contaminants into the water.。

The UL 1081 standard is the main specification for the electrical safety of swimming pool equipment. This standard explicitly includes "electric swimming pool cleaners" within its scope and is an important basis for evaluating the electrical safety of robotic pool cleaners.

ISO 12100 is a fundamental standard in the field of machinery safety established by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). This standard provides a systematic guiding framework for the safe design of mechanical equipment and is an important standard for modern industrial safety management.

Table 1: Safety Standards and Certifications in the Swimming Pool Industry

Section 2 Basic Parameters for Selecting a Robotic Pool Cleaner

When purchasing a robotic pool cleaner, the performance indicators that users most often consider are as follows：

• Suction Strength (Pa): Represents the negative pressure generated at the suction inlet
• Flow Rate (GPH): Represents the volume of water that can be processed per unit of time.
• Filtration Accuracy (μm): The micrometer value represents the smallest particle size that the filter can capture; for reference, the diameter of a human hair is about 70μm.
• Filter Basket Capacity (L): The capacity of the filter basket determines how long the robot can work before it needs to be cleaned.
• Filter Basket Access: Top-access means the filter basket is removed from the top of the machine, while bottom-access means it is removed from the bottom.
• Motor Power (W): Determines suction and climbing ability.
• Number of Motors: Multiple motors allow for differential steering, which determines the robot's maneuverability.
• Noise Level (dB): Below 60dB is considered quiet.

Table 2: Basic Parameters and Purchasing Recommendations

Section 3 Classification of Navigation Intelligence Levels

The navigation systems of robotic pool cleaners are undergoing a technological evolution from random-bounce to autonomous perception and planning. The core difference in their level of intelligence stems from the underlying navigation principles. To move beyond confusing marketing terms and establish an objective technical evaluation framework, it is necessary to systematically analyze the implementation mechanisms of different levels of intelligence based on academic principles such as random walk, inertial navigation, Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM), and reinforcement learning. This will provide a basis for technological discrimination and product selection based on first principles.

Table 3: Navigation Intelligence Levels

Section 4 Long-Term Cost of Ownership and Maintenance

While enjoying the convenience, users may overlook the long-term cost of ownership of the equipment over its life cycle. From filter screens and roller brushes to batteries and motors, these key components have their own specific consumption and wear patterns. Knowing when to inspect, clean, or replace these parts can not only keep your robotic pool cleaner in optimal cleaning condition but also effectively extend its overall lifespan and avoid minor issues turning into costly repairs.

Table 4: Maintenance Items and Cost of Ownership

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